Association of different antiplatelet therapies with mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Objectives Prasugrel and ticagrelor both reduce ischaemic endpoints in high-risk acute coronary syndromes, compared with clopidogrel. However, comparative outcomes of these two newer drugs in the context of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unclear. We sought to examine this question using the British Cardiovascular Interventional Society national database in patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI.

Methods Data from January 2007 to December 2014 were used to compare use of P2Y12 antiplatelet drugs in primary PCI in >89?000 patients. Statistical modelling, involving propensity matching, multivariate logistic regression (MLR) and proportional hazards modelling, was used to study the association of different antiplatelet drug use with all-cause mortality.

Results In our main MLR analysis, prasugrel was associated with significantly lower mortality than clopidogrel at both 30?days (OR 0.87, 95%?CI 0.78 to 0.97, P=0.014) and 1?year (OR 0.89, 95%?CI 0.82 to 0.97, P=0.011) post PCI. Ticagrelor was not associated with any significant differences in mortality compared with clopidogrel at either 30?days (OR 1.07, 95%?CI 0.95 to 1.21, P=0.237) or 1?year (OR 1.058, 95%?CI 0.96 to 1.16, P=0.247). Finally, ticagrelor was associated with significantly higher mortality than prasugrel at both time points (30?days OR 1.22, 95%?CI 1.03 to 1.44, P=0.020; 1?year OR 1.19 95%?CI 1.04 to 1.35, P=0.01).

Conclusions In a cohort of over 89?000 patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI in the UK, prasugrel is associated with a lower 30-day and 1-year mortality than clopidogrel and ticagrelor. Given that an adequately powered comparative randomised trial is unlikely to be performed, these data may have implications for routine care.