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A study of beam masers and alternate gradient focusing of neutral particles

A study of beam masers and alternate gradient focusing of neutral particles Thumbnail


Abstract

An ammonia beam maser is constructed and its basic characteristics established. An attempt is made to put the theory of state selection and focusing of molecules in a maser in a generalized form so as to include the case of lower state focusing as well as the higher state focusing used in masers. Alternate-Gradient (AG) focusing is presented as a practical method for lower state focusing. A theory of alternate gradient focusing of uncharged particles is developed with particular reference to a molecular beam of ammonia. It is shown that the method can be used to focus molecules in any particular energy state preferentially. An AG focusing system is constructed and its basic characteristics established.
Some coherence phenomena in a molecular system are investigated both in the case of a bulk gas (in absence of state selection) as also in the case of a state selected beam. In the latter case both upper state selection by using an octapole focuser and lower state selection using an AG focuser have been used. The generality of these coherence phenomena has been established for a two level quantum mechanical system.
Some possible applications of an AG system, particularly in the area of aerothermo-chemistry are considered..

Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024

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