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Venous thromboembolism is linked to severity of disease in COVID-19 patients: A systematic literature review and exploratory meta-analysis

Mishra, Pinki; Saha, Nilanjan; Srivastava, Rashmi; Parveen, Rizwana; Bajpai, Ram; Agarwal, Nidhi Bharal

Authors

Pinki Mishra

Nilanjan Saha

Rashmi Srivastava

Rizwana Parveen

Nidhi Bharal Agarwal



Abstract

PURPOSE: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) may predispose to venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thromboembolism because of excessive inflammation, hypoxia, immobilisation and diffuse intravascular coagulation. The understanding of the association might be helpful in early vigilant monitoring and better management of COVID-19 patients at high risk. Thus, in this meta-analysis, we aim to assess the association of VTE with the severity of COVID-19 disease.

METHODS: A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials using the keywords "COVID-19 and thromboembolism" and "COVID-19 and embolism," till 20 February 2021. Thirteen studies including 6648 COVID-19 patients were incorporated in this systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis.

RESULTS: The analysis revealed nearly three times more risk than intensive care unit (ICU) care in patients with VTE compared to non-VTE patients (RR: 2.78; 95% CI: 1.75-4.39; P < .001; I2 : 65.1%). Patients with pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis are at increased risk of being admitted to ICU (RR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.86-2.61; P < .001; I2 : 41.2%) and (RR: 2.69; 95% CI: 2.37-3.06; P < .001; I2 : 0.0%), respectively. The quality assessment indicated that the included studies were of fair quality.

ONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that VTE either deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism may have a negative effect on the health status of COVID-19 patients. This study highlights the need to consider measures for reducing thromboembolism risk amongst COVID-19 patients.

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Sep 19, 2021
Online Publication Date Sep 22, 2021
Publication Date Sep 28, 2021
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal International Journal of Clinical Practice
Print ISSN 1368-5031
Publisher Wiley
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 75
Issue 12
Article Number e14910
DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14910
Publisher URL https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ijcp.14910