Triaud, AHMJ, Standing, MR, Heidari, N, Martin, DV, Boisse, I, Santerne, A, Correia, ACM, Acuna, L, Battley, M, Bonfils, X, Carmona, A, Cameron, AC, Cortes-Zuleta, P, Dransfield, G, Dalal, S, Deleuil, M, Delfosse, X, Faria, J, Forveille, T, Hara, NC, Hebrard, G, Hoyer, S, Kiefer, F, Kunovac, V, Maxted, PFL, Martioli, E, Miller, NJ, Nelson, RP, Poveda, M, Rein, H, Sairam, L, Udry, S and Willett, E (2022) BEBOP III. Observations and an independent mass measurement of Kepler-16 (AB) b - the first circumbinary planet detected with radial velocities. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 511 (3). 3561 - 3570. ISSN 1365-2966

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Abstract

The radial velocity method is amongst the most robust and most established means of detecting exoplanets. Yet, it has so far failed to detect circumbinary planets despite their relatively high occurrence rates. Here, we report velocimetric measurements of Kepler-16A, obtained with the SOPHIE spectrograph, at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence’s 193cm telescope, collected during the BEBOP survey for circumbinary planets. Our measurements mark the first radial velocity detection of a circumbinary planet, independently determining the mass of Kepler-16 (AB) b to be 0.313±0.039MJup⁠, a value in agreement with eclipse timing variations. Our observations demonstrate the capability to achieve photon-noise precision and accuracy on single-lined binaries, with our final precision reaching 1.5 ms−1 on the binary and planetary signals. Our analysis paves the way for more circumbinary planet detections using radial velocities which will increase the relatively small sample of currently known systems to statistically relevant numbers, using a method that also provides weaker detection biases. Our data also contain a long-term radial velocity signal, which we associate with the magnetic cycle of the primary star.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: The final version of this article and all relevant information related to it, including copyrights, can be found on the publisher website.
Uncontrolled Keywords: techniques: radial velocities; planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites: individual: Kepler-16; binaries: eclipsing; binaries: spectroscopic
Subjects: Q Science > QA Mathematics
Q Science > QB Astronomy
Q Science > QB Astronomy > QB460 Astrophysics
Q Science > QB Astronomy > QB600 Planets. Planetology
Q Science > QB Astronomy > QB799 Stars
Q Science > QC Physics
Divisions: Faculty of Natural Sciences > School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
Related URLs:
Depositing User: Symplectic
Date Deposited: 22 Mar 2022 13:09
Last Modified: 22 Apr 2022 15:06
URI: https://eprints.keele.ac.uk/id/eprint/10756

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