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Physiological Oxygen Causes the Release of Volatile Organic Compounds from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells with Possible Roles in Maintaining Self-Renewal and Pluripotency

Barreto, S; Al-Zubaidi, MA; Dale, TP; Worrall, AJ; Kapacee, Z; Kimber, SJ; Sulé-Suso, J; Forsyth, NR; Rutter, AV

Physiological Oxygen Causes the Release of Volatile Organic Compounds from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells with Possible Roles in Maintaining Self-Renewal and Pluripotency Thumbnail


Authors

S Barreto

MA Al-Zubaidi

AJ Worrall

Z Kapacee

SJ Kimber

NR Forsyth



Abstract

<jats:p>Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have widespread potential biomedical applications. There is a need for large-scale in vitro production of hPSCs, and optimal culture methods are vital in achieving this. Physiological oxygen (2% O2) improves key hPSCs attributes, including genomic integrity, viability, and clonogenicity, however, its impact on hPSC metabolism remains un-clear. Here, Selected Ion Flow Tube-Mass Spectrometry (SIFT-MS) was used to detect and quantify metabolic Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the headspace of hPSCs and their differentiated progeny. hPSCs were cultured in either 2% O2 or 21% O2. Media was collected from cell cultures and transferred into glass bottles for SIFT-MS measurement. The VOCs acetaldehyde and dimethyl sulfide (DMS)/ethanethiol were significantly increased in undifferentiated hPSCs compared to their differentiating counterparts, and these observations were more apparent in 2% O2. Pluripotent marker expression was consistent across both O2 concentrations tested. Transcript levels of ADH4, ADH5, and CYP2E1, encoding enzymes involved in converting ethanol to acetaldehyde, were upregulated in 2% O2, and chemical inhibition of ADH and CYP2E1 decreased acetaldehyde levels in hPSCs. Acetaldehyde and DMS/ethanethiol may be indicators of altered metabolism pathways in physiological oxygen culture conditions. The identification of non-destructive biomarkers for hPSC characterization has the potential to facilitate large-scale in vitro manufacture for future biomedical application.</jats:p>

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Mar 10, 2022
Publication Date Mar 10, 2022
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Preprints
Publisher MDPI
Peer Reviewed Not Peer Reviewed
DOI https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202203.0143.v1
Publisher URL https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202203.0143/v1

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