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Thayer, N, White, S and Frisher, M (2022) Describing the impact of community pharmacy organisation type on emergency hormonal contraception services in England. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice. ISSN 0961-7671
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: In England, non-dispensing pharmacy services are commissioned either nationally or locally. For the national service Medicines Use Reviews (MURs), large multiple/chain pharmacies provide more consultations than independents. This study aimed to examine the relationship between community pharmacy organisation type and a local service, Emergency Hormonal Contraception (EHC). It also aimed to explore the influence of deprivation. METHODS: Freedom of information requests was sent to all 147 local authorities in England. Data included the number of EHC consultations by individual pharmacies across England (2017/18). Public data were used to identify pharmacies, match with MUR data, and group by organisation type. Bivariate correlations and ANOVA described the relationship between service provision, organisation type and deprivation. KEY FINDINGS: Pharmacy data were obtained from 76 (52%) local authorities. Following removal of unidentifiable pharmacies, 3069 were analysed - 56% of the estimated 5461 commissioned pharmacies in England. Bivariate correlations indicated a significant negative correlation between EHC provision and Index of Multiple Deprivation score. Greater deprivation correlated to greater EHC provision. A One-way ANOVA demonstrated significant differences between organisation types for MUR provision (larger organisations providing greater volumes). EHC provision demonstrated significant differences between groups and a U-shaped association; large multiple and independent organisations had higher levels than medium and small chains. A two-way ANOVA showed no significant interaction between deprivation and organisation type. CONCLUSIONS: EHC provision does not increase linearly with organisation type. Deprivation appears a more reliable indicator of EHC provision. Provision is likely influenced by local factors but could increase with a nationally commissioned service.
Item Type: | Article |
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Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology |
Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering |
Related URLs: | |
Depositing User: | Symplectic |
Date Deposited: | 23 Aug 2022 11:56 |
Last Modified: | 23 Aug 2022 11:56 |
URI: | https://eprints.keele.ac.uk/id/eprint/11330 |