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Sex differences in clinical profile and outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion.

Mamas; Rashid

Sex differences in clinical profile and outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion. Thumbnail


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Abstract

BACKGROUND: There are limited data around sex differences in the risk profile, treatments and outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions in contemporary interventional practice. We investigated the impact of sex on clinical and procedural characteristics, complications and clinical outcomes in a national cohort.

METHODS & RESULTS: We created a longitudinal cohort (2006-2018, n = 30,605) of patients with stable angina who underwent CTO PCI in the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS) database. Clinical, demographic, procedural and outcome data were analysed in two groups stratified by sex: male (n = 24,651), female (n = 5954). Female patients were older (68 vs 64 years, P < 0.001), had higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN) and prior stroke. Utilization of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), drug eluting stents (DES), radial or dual access and enabling strategies during CTO PCI were higher in male compared to female patients. Following multivariable analysis, there was no significant difference in in-patient mortality (adjusted odds ratio (OR):1.40, 95 % CI: 0.75-2.61, P = 0.29) and major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (adjusted OR: 1.01, 95 % CI: 0.78-1.29, P = 0.96). The crude and adjusted rates of procedural complications (adjusted OR: 1.37, 95 % CI: 1.23-1.52, P < 0.001), coronary artery perforation (adjusted OR: 1.60, 95 % CI: 1.26-2.04, P < 0.001) and major bleeding (adjusted OR: 2.06, 95 % CI: 1.62-2.61, P < 0.001) were higher in women compared with men.

CONCLUSION: Female patients treated by CTO PCI were older, underwent lesser complex procedures, but had higher adjusted risk of procedural complications with a similar adjusted risk of mortality and MACCE compared with male patients.

Acceptance Date Dec 13, 2022
Publication Date Dec 16, 2022
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine
Print ISSN 1553-8389
Electronic ISSN 1878-0938
Publisher Elsevier
Volume 49
Pages 34-41
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carrev.2022.12.005
Keywords Percutaneous coronary intervention; Sex; Chronic total occlusion; Mortality
Publisher URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1553838922009265?via%3Dihub
Additional Information © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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