Haga, IR, Simpson, JL, Hawes, PC and Beard, PM (2018) Carbenoxolone-mediated cytotoxicity inhibits Vaccinia virus replication in a human keratinocyte cell line. Scientific Reports, 8 (1).

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Abstract

The re-emergence of poxviral zoonotic infections and the threat of bioterrorism emphasise the demand
for efective antipoxvirus therapies. Here, we show that carbenoxolone, a pharmacological inhibitor of
gap junction function and a compound widely used in cell culture, is capable of hindering the replication
of Vaccinia virus, the prototypical poxvirus, in a gap junction-independent manner in a human
keratinocyte cell line. Viral protein synthesis occurs in the presence of carbenoxolone but infectious
virion formation is minimal, indicating that carbenoxolone blocks viral morphogenesis. Initial viability
tests suggested that carbenoxolone was not toxic to cells. However, electron microscopic analysis of
carbenoxolone treated cells revealed that it alters the cellular endomembrane system. This widespread
ultrastructural damage prevents Vaccinia virus virion assembly. These results strengthen the need for
thorough characterisation of the effects of antiviral compounds on the cellular ultrastructure.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
Subjects: Q Science > Q Science (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Natural Sciences > School of Life Sciences
Depositing User: Symplectic
Date Deposited: 10 Feb 2023 11:25
Last Modified: 10 Feb 2023 11:25
URI: https://eprints.keele.ac.uk/id/eprint/11891

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