Keele Research Repository

Our English uplands (including grouse moors) are subject to an increasing number of societal demands and needs. This audit assesses grouse moor management’s contribution to Defra’s 25 Year Environment Plan goals – an expression of social needs – and makes recommendations for public policymakers and land managers in relation to upland land use.

We find society would lose proven goods and services if grouse moor management were so constrained that it significantly compromised the shooting incentive. When evidenced, criticisms of grouse moor management should be addressed and stakeholders should recognise the net gain delivered.