Sprigg, N, Robson, K, Bath, P, Dineen, R, Roberts, I, Robinson, T, Roffe, C, Werring, D, Al-Shahi Salman, R, Pocock, S, Duley, L, England, T, Whynes, D, Ciccone, A, Laska, AC, Christensen, H, Ozturk, S, Collins, R, Bereczki, D, Egea-Guerrero, JJ, Law, ZK, Czlonkowska, A, Seiffge, D and Beredzie, M (2016) Intravenous tranexamic acid for hyperacute primary intracerebral hemorrhage: Protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. International Journal of Stroke, 11 (6). pp. 683-694. ISSN 1747-4949

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C Roffe - Intravenous tranexamic acid for hyperacute primary intracerebral hemorrhage.pdf - Accepted Version

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Abstract

Rationale
Outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage remains poor. Tranexamic acid is easy to administer, readily available, inexpensive, and effective in other hemorrhagic conditions.

Aim
This randomized trial aims to test the hypothesis that intravenous tranexamic acid given within 8 h of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage reduces death or dependency.

Design
Phase III prospective double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Participants within 8 h of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage are randomized to receive either intravenous tranexamic acid 1 g 10 min bolus followed by 1 g 8 h infusion, or placebo.

Sample size estimates
A trial of 2000 participants (300 from start-up phase and 1700 from main phase) will have 90% power to detect an ordinal shift of the modified Rankin Scale with odds ratio 0.79.

Study outcomes
The primary outcome is death or dependency measured by ordinal shift analysis of the 7 level mRS at day 90. Secondary outcomes are neurological impairment at day 7 and disability, quality of life, cognition, and mood at day 90. Safety outcomes are death, serious adverse events, thromboembolic events, and seizures. Cost outcomes are length of stay in hospital, readmission, and institutionalization.

Discussion
This pragmatic trial is assessing efficacy of tranexamic acid after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Recruitment started in 2013; as of 15th January 2016 1355 participants have been enrolled, from 95 centers in seven countries. Recruitment is due to end in 2017. TICH-2 Trial is registered as ISRCTN93732214.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This is the accepted author manuscript (AAM). The final published version (version of record) is available online via Sage at https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1747493016641960 Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher.
Uncontrolled Keywords: Hyperacute intracerebral hemorrhage, tranexamic acid, randomized trial, placebo controlled
Subjects: R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine
Depositing User: Symplectic
Date Deposited: 04 Jul 2016 13:55
Last Modified: 25 Jun 2018 09:17
URI: https://eprints.keele.ac.uk/id/eprint/1982

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