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Concise review: Bone marrow for the treatment of spinal cord injury: mechanisms and clinical applications.

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Abstract

Transplantation of bone marrow stem cells into spinal cord lesions enhances axonal regeneration and promotes functional recovery in animal studies. There are two types of adult bone marrow stem cell; hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The mechanisms by which HSCs and MSCs might promote spinal cord repair following transplantation have been extensively investigated. The objective of this review is to discuss these mechanisms; we briefly consider the controversial topic of HSC and MSC transdifferentiation into central nervous system cells but focus on the neurotrophic, tissue sparing, and reparative action of MSC grafts in the context of the spinal cord injury (SCI) milieu. We then discuss some of the specific issues related to the translation of HSC and MSC therapies for patients with SCI and present a comprehensive critique of the current bone marrow cell clinical trials for the treatment of SCI to date.

Acceptance Date Nov 10, 2010
Publication Date Feb 1, 2011
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Stem Cells
Print ISSN 1066-5099
Publisher AlphaMed Press
Pages 169 - 178
DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.570
Keywords adult human bone marrow, spinal cord injury, cell transplantation, clinical translations and clinical trials
Publisher URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.570

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