Fricker, R, Green, E, Jenkins, SI and Griffin, S (2018) The Influence of Nicotinamide on Health and Disease in the Central Nervous System. International Journal of Tryptophan Research, 11. ISSN 1178-6469

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Abstract

Nicotinamide, the amide form of vitamin B3 (niacin), has long been associated with neuronal development, survival, and function in the central nervous system (CNS), being implicated in both neuronal death and neuroprotection. Here, we summarise a body of research investigating the role of nicotinamide in neuronal health within the CNS, with a focus on studies that have shown a neuroprotective effect. Nicotinamide appears to play a role in protecting neurons from traumatic injury, ischaemia, and stroke, as well as being implicated in 3 key neurodegenerative conditions: Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. A key factor is the bioavailability of nicotinamide, with low concentrations leading to neurological deficits and dementia and high levels potentially causing neurotoxicity. Finally, nicotinamide’s potential mechanisms of action are discussed, including the general maintenance of cellular energy levels and the more specific inhibition of molecules such as the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1).

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: This is the accepted author manuscript (AAM). The final published version (version of record) is available online via Sage Publications at https://doi.org/10.1177/1178646918776658 - please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher.
Uncontrolled Keywords: Nicotinamide, vitamin B3, neuronal death, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, mitochondria, neurodegeneration, neuroprotection, niacin
Subjects: R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC346 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, including speech disorders
R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC521 Dementia
Divisions: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine
Depositing User: Symplectic
Date Deposited: 01 Jun 2018 14:56
Last Modified: 28 Feb 2019 11:42
URI: https://eprints.keele.ac.uk/id/eprint/4975

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