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Evans, A, Gehrz, RD, Woodward, CE, Banerjee, DPK, Geballe, TR, Clayton, GC, Sarre, PJ, Starrfield, S, Hinkle, K, Joyce, RR, Lykou, F, Helton, LA, Eyres, SPS, Worters, H, Montiel, EJ, Liimets, T, Zijlstra, A, Richter, M and Krautter, J (2020) The infrared view of dust and molecules around V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Object): a 20-year retrospective. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 493 (1). pp. 1277-1291. ISSN 0035-8711
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Abstract
We present an analysis of the evolution of circumstellar dust and molecules in the environment of the very late thermal pulse object V4334 Sgr (Sakurai’s Object) over a ∼20-year period, drawing on ground-, airborne- and space-based infrared photometry and spectroscopy. The dust emission, which started in 1997, resembles a blackbody that cooled from ∼1, 200 K in 1998 August to ∼ 180 K in 2016 July. The dust mass, assuming amorphous carbon, was ∼5 × 10−10 M⊙ in 1998 August, and we estimate that the total dust mass was ∼2 × 10−5 M⊙ by ∼2016. The appearance of a near-infrared excess in 2008 suggests a new episode of (or renewed) mass loss began then. We infer lower limits on the bolometric luminosity of the embedded star from that of the dust shell, which rose to ∼16, 000 L⊙ before declining to ∼3, 000 L⊙. There is evidence for weak 6–7μm absorption, which we attribute to hydrogenated amorphous carbon formed in material ejected by Sakurai’s Object during a mass ejection phase that preceded the 1997 event. We detect small hydrocarbon and other molecules in the spectra, and trace the column densities in hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and acetylene (C2H2). We use the former to determine the 12C/13C ratio to be 6.4 ± 0.7, 14 times smaller than the Solar System value.
Item Type: | Article |
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Additional Information: | This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2020 The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | stars, AGB and post-AGB, carbon, circumstellar matter, evolution, individual, V4334 Sgr (Sakurai’s Object), infrared |
Subjects: | Q Science > QB Astronomy > QB799 Stars |
Divisions: | Faculty of Natural Sciences > School of Chemical and Physical Sciences |
Depositing User: | Symplectic |
Date Deposited: | 03 Feb 2020 09:39 |
Last Modified: | 30 Mar 2020 14:48 |
URI: | https://eprints.keele.ac.uk/id/eprint/7592 |